Psicoeducação para adultos com Perturbação de Hiperatividade e Défice de Atenção: Uma revisão sistemática
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Resumo
A Perturbação de Hiperatividade e Défice de Atenção (PHDA) caracteriza-se pela manifestação persistente de sintomas de desatenção, hiperatividade e impulsividade. Abordagens não farmacológicas são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de habilidades eficazes para o controlo e gestão dos sintomas. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar as publicações científicas que empregaram a psicoeducação como uma estratégia de intervenção para adultos com PHDA. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática, baseada no método PRISMA, nas bases de dados Scielo, PePSIC, PubMED, APA, SCOPUS e Web of Science, utilizando os descritores: “attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity”, “psychoeducation”, “health education” e “adult”. A pesquisa resultou em 648 artigos e, após a análise dos critérios de elegibilidade, foram selecionados e analisados 9 artigos. Em todos os estudos, a psicoeducação foi utilizada como uma intervenção para adultos com PHDA. Além disso, foram identificadas estratégias complementares e o uso de aplicações digitais para transmitir o conteúdo psicoeducacional. Alguns estudos foram direcionados especificamente para adultos em ambientes universitários, enquanto outros incluíram familiares nas intervenções. Os resultados revelaram que a psicoeducação é uma estratégia eficaz para adultos com PHDA. Os resultados indicaram melhoria nos sintomas centrais da perturbação, nos sintomas comórbidos, assim como no aumento do autoconhecimento, da conscientização, da motivação, da autonomia e da participação ativa do indivíduo no seu próprio tratamento. Em suma, os resultados destacam a importância de incorporar a psicoeducação como parte integrante do trabalho interdisciplinar na promoção da saúde de adultos com PHDA, com vista ao desenvolvimento de habilidades mais adaptativas para lidar com a perturbação.
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Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0.
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